Unlocking Africa’s Financial Prospects in A Digitized Economy: Financial Technologies, Illicit Flows, and Debt Management. The Case of Nigeria

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56830/IJAMS001202405

Keywords:

Illicit Financial flows, FinTech, debt management, Credibility

Abstract

Africa’s financial technology (FinTech) has significantly improved during the last several years as its economy evolved. Nigeria, as a vital part of the continent, is undergoing so much as Africa is experiencing. The Nigerian economy has undergone significant changes in recent years, particularly with the advent of FinTech. The infrastructure for Illicit Financial Flows, IFFs, evolved as well. To combat or curb IFFs and provide a stable operating environment for the economy, Nigeria must seek to increase transparency in financial decision-making and public debt management. In this study, regression and correlation were employed, together with primary, and secondary data gathered from the National Bureau of Statistics, to assess this subject matter. The aim was to unlock Nigeria's financial prospects via curbing IFFs and instilling transparency in public debt management by properly deploying of FinTech in Nigeria. According to the results, weak or compromised FinTech is increasing facilitating IFFs, there's great dearth of digital expertise, the transient nature of digital technology via virtual and traditional banks is obscuring demand for IFFs, regulatory frame is albeit obsolete and finally, there is a call for a multi-national approach. These findings will be helpful for policymakers working hard to rid this country of IFFs and strengthen our public debt management mechanisms.

References

Aaronson, S. A. (2019). “What are we talking about when we talk about digital protectionism?”. World Trade Review 18, 541-577. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474745618000198

Alexopoulos, S. (2020). “US Mid- and Small-Cap Banks Technology Disruption Report: With a New Breed of Regional Banks Emerging, Many Are Positioned as Endgame Winners in the Digital Age” . JPMorgan, December 15.

Allen, F., Otchere, S., & Senbet., N. (2011). African financial systems: A review. Review of Development Finance, Volume 1, Issue 2, Pages 79-113, ISSN 1879-9337, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rdf.2011.03.003. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rdf.2011.03.003

Anyanwu, & Salami. (2021). The impact of COVID-19 on African economies: An introduction.

African Development Review. 33(Suppl 1), S1–S16. doi: 10.1111/1467-8268.12531. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8268.12531

Anyaogu, I. (2021). How CBN's targeted financing is reviving Nigerias ailing power sector.

Retrieved from Business Day. Retrieved from

https://businessday.ng/energy/power/article/how-cbns-targeted-financing-is-revivingnigerias-ailing-power-sector/.

Baker, R. W. (2005). Capitalism's Achilles heel: Dirty money and how to renew the free-market system. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley & Sons.

Bank, W. (2017). Illicit financial flows. Available from https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/ financialsector/brief/illicit-financial-flows-iffs.

Barasa, T. (2018). Illicit Financial Flows in Kenya: Mapping of the Literature and Synthesis of the Evidence. Nairobi: Partnership for African Social and Governance Research

(PASGR). Available online. Retrieved from https://www.africaportal.org/documents/18459/Ke.

Bohoslavsky, J. P. (2018). Tax-Related Illicit Financial Flows and Human Rights. Journal of Financial Crime 25, 750–69. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JFC-04-2017-0029

Bourguignon, F. (2012). "Chapter 11. Commodity Price Volatility, Poverty, and Growth Inclusiveness in Sub-Saharan African Countries". In Commodity Price Volatility and Inclusive Growth in Low-Income Countries. USA: International Monetary Fund. Retrieved Sep 20, 2023, from https://doi.org/10.5089/9781616353797.071.ch011.

Chanchangi, Y., Ghosh, A., Sundaram, S., & Mallick, T. D. (2020). PV performance in nigeria. a reviewRenewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 121(2020):1.doi:

10.1016/j.rser.2020.109704. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.109704

Chang, V., Baudier, P., Zhang, H., Xu, Q., Zhang, J., & Arami, M. (2020). How Blockchain can impact financial services - The overview, challenges and recommendations from expert interviewees. Technol Forecast Soc Change. 2020 Sep;158:120166. doi: DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120166

10.1016/j.techfore. 12.

Cobham, A. (2018). Target 2030: Illicit Financial Flows. Globalization, Development and

Governance. Retrieved from Available online: https://www.realinstitutoelcano.org/en/analyses/target-2030-illicit-financial-flows.

Demir, A., Pesqué-Cela, V., Altunbas, Y., & Murinde, V. (2020). “Fintech, financial inclusion and income inequality: a quantile regression approach”. The European Journal of Finance, Vol. 10, pp. 1-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1351847X.2020.1772335

Desalegn, G. (2020). Does IFRS Adoption Improve Financial Reporting Quality? Evidence from Commercial Banks of Ethiopia. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting 11, 18–24.

Diantini, N., Nyoman, A., Chloe, C. Y., & Rui, Z. (2022). Price-Fixing Agreements and Financial Reporting Opacity. SSRN Electronic Journal. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4043275

Economist. (2014). “Tax inversions - Inverse logic”, 24 September 2014. Retrieved from http://www. economist.com/news/finance-and-economics/21618912-america-weighsactiondiscourage-corporate-exodus-inverse-logic.

Eichengreen, B., & Gupta., P. (2021). “The Two Waves of Service Sector Growth” . Oxford Economic Papers, 65(1), 96–123. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpr059

Ekong, U., & Ekong, C. (2022). "Digital currency and financial inclusion in Nigeria: lessons for development". Journal of Internet and Digital Economics, Vol. 2 No. 1, pp. 46-67. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIDE-11-2021-0018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JIDE-11-2021-0018

Forstater, M. (2018). Misinvoicing, and Multinational Tax Avoidance: The Same or CGD Policy Paper 123 March 2018. No. 123. CGD Policy Paper. Retrieved from Available online: https://www.cgdev.org/sites/default/files/illicit-financial-flows-trade-misinvoicing-andmult.

Gyimah-Brempong, K. (2022). “Corruption, economic growth, and income inequality in Africa.”. Economics of Governance, 3, 183-209. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s101010200045

Holmes, L. (2021). Comparing Police Corruption: Bulgaria, Germany, Russia and Singapore. Routledge https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-596350-3.50016-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003156871

International, M. F. (2022). Angola: Selected Issues, IMF Staff Country Reports, 2022(012), A001. Retrieved Sep 20, 2023, from https://doi.org/10.5089/9781616359836.002.A001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781616359836.002

Jones, C., & Tonetti., C. (2020). “Nonrivalry and the economics of data” . American Economic Review, 110 (9), 2819–2858. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20191330

Kar, D. (2012). "Mexico: Illicit Financial Flows, Macroeconomic Imbalances, and the DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2334898

Underground Economy.". Macroeconomic Imbalances, and the Underground Economy (January 2, 2012).

Klitgaard, R. (1991). Controlling Corruption. University of California press.

https://www.ucpress.edu/search.php?q=Robert+Klitgaard#gsc.tab=0&gsc.q=Robert%20 Klitgaard&gsc.page=1.

Magaji, S., & Chukwuemeka, E. I. (n.d.). "Measuring Technical Efficiency of Wireless and

Wired Technologies in Nigeria Cyber Cafés,". CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS): Vol. 4.

Marous, J. (2021). “Will regional banks survive the future”. The Financial Brand https://thefinancialbrand.com/111327/regional-bank-competition-digitalfintechtransformation-trends/.

Moran, D. D., Wackernagel, M., Kitzes, J. A., Goldfinger, S. H., & Boutaud, A. (2018). Measuring sustainable development—Nation by nation. Ecological economics, 64(3), 470-474. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.08.017

Netshisaulu, N. N., Van der Poll, H. M., & Van der Poll, J. A. (2022). A Conceptual Framework to Analyse Illicit Financial Flows (IFFs). Risks, 10(9), 172. MDPI AG. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/risks10090172. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/risks10090172

Ologunde, I., Kapingura, F., & Sibanda, K. (2020). Sustainable Development and Crude Oil Revenue: A Case of Selected Crude Oil-Producing African Countries. Int J Environ Res Public Health. Sep 18;17(18):6799. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186799. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186799

Oxfam. (2015). “Wealth: Having it All and Wanting More,”. Oxfam Issue Briefing.

https://www.oxfam.org/sites/www.oxfam.org/files/file_attachments/ib-wealthhaving-allwanting-more-190115-en.pdf.

Prabhu, K. S., & Sandhya, S. I. (2019). Human Development in an Unequal World. Oxford, United Kingdom. Oxford University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199490240.001.0001

Sampat, B., Mogaji, E., & Nguyen, N. (2023). "The dark side of FinTech in financial services: a qualitative enquiry into FinTech developers’ perspective". International Journal of Bank Marketing, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi.org/. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-07-2022-0328

Stein, P., Goland, T., & Schiff., R. (2020). “Two trillion and counting: Assessing the credit gap for micro, small, and medium-size enterprises in the developing world.”. IFC and McKinsey & Group.

United Nations. (2020). COVID-19: addressing the social crisis through fiscal stimulus plans. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, UN/DESA Policy Brief No. 58. 1 April.

Downloads

Published

2026-03-01